Filial Piety and Moral Conflict in Malin Kundang: A Literary Analysis

Abstract

This study aims to analyze character development, conflict, and moral values in the Indonesian folklore drama Malin Kundang written by Wisran Hadi. Although the story is widely recognized as a traditional narrative about filial disobedience, there is still limited critical research that specifically examines how character transformation and conflict structure work together to construct moral meaning within the narrative. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach focusing on characterization, conflict, thematic elements, and symbolism in the drama. The data were collected through close reading and textual analysis of dialogues, character actions, and important scenes, and were interpreted using theories of characterization, conflict, and folklore studies. The findings reveal that Malin Kundang undergoes significant character transformation, shifting from a hardworking and devoted son into an arrogant and ungrateful individual after achieving wealth and higher social status. The study also finds that both internal and external conflicts play important roles in shaping the narrative. Internally, Malin struggles between maintaining his identity and gaining social acceptance, while externally he confronts his mother and rejects his origins. These conflicts intensify the dramatic tension and ultimately lead to tragic consequences. In addition, symbolic elements such as the storm and the stone strengthen the representation of divine justice, guilt, and moral accountability. The story emphasizes themes of filial piety, humility, social responsibility, and the consequences of pride and disobedience. Malin Kundang functions not only as cultural heritage but also as a moral and educational narrative that remains relevant in contemporary society. The study highlights how folklore can effectively communicate ethical values through character development, conflict, and symbolism.